Thursday, July 23, 2009
Individual Assignment 1: Fashion by Miss G.Diocos
Prescious Adeline M. Encila
Application of Rhetoric Guidelines (kc's output)

by Kristine Carla A. Asido
"We were both young when I first saw you. I closed my eyes and the flashback starts. I'm standing there on a balcony of summer air.."
Teenagers are indeed, unpredictable. Today, they like this. Tomorrow, they don't. The next day they want it back. Next month, they would throw it away. That's how they find pleasure and thrill with their lives. All they want is to explore and explore until they learn something--until they become better individuals.
Wednesday, July 22, 2009
JORNALES, MARILOU B.
TYPHOON
Typhoon is a violent cyclone in the
Typhoon is consider by the signal that announced by PAG-ASA so that the people can be ready and prepared if the typhoon heats their places. Signal #1, were the class in Elementary above is already suspended and it is tells to people to be prepared already. Next, Signal #2, were High School and Colleges are being suspended also for them to go home early and it is quit strong. Now, the third is Signal #3-4, were is very dangerous. It could now destroy many things around. Buildings, plants, and even animals could die through this.
That’s the reason why, it need not to be taken for granted. We need to be prepared at all times. Make ourselves secure and everything need to be safe.
Thursday, July 16, 2009
Graphic Organizer
Increasing Understanding by Creating Graphic Organizers:
The process of converting a mass of data/information/ideas into a graphic map gives the student an increased understanding and insight into the topic at hand. To create the map, the student must concentrate on the relationships between the items and examine the meanings attached to each of them. While creating a map, the student must also prioritize the information, determining which parts of the material are the most important and should be focused upon, and where each item should be placed in the map.
The creation of graphic organizers also helps the student generate ideas as they develop and note their thoughts visually. The possibilities associated with a topic become clearer as the student's ideas are classified visually.
Uses of Graphic Organizers:
Graphic organizers can be used to structure writing projects, to help in problem solving, decision making, studying, planning research and brainstorming.
Creating Graphic Organizers:
Graphic organizers can be drawn free-hand or printed. To go to printouts of many graphic organizers, click on one of the links above or below.
Adding color-coding and/or pictures to a graphic organizer further increases the utility and readability of the visual display.
How to Choose a Graphic Organizer for Your Topic/Task (click on a graphic organizer below to go to printable worksheets): The task at hand determines the type of graphic organizer that is appropriate. Choose the format that best fits your topic.
To find an appropriate graphic organizer, answer the following questions about your topic:
EXAMPLES:
The K-W-L-H teaching technique is a good method to help students activate prior knowledge. It is a group instruction activity developed by Donna Ogle (1986) that serves as a model for active thinking during reading.
- K - Stands for helping students recall what they KNOW about the subject.
W - Stands for helping students determine what they WANT to learn.
L - Stands for helping students identify what they LEARN as they read.
H - Stands for HOW we can learn more (other sources where additional information on the topic can be found).
Students complete the "categories" section at the bottom of the graphic organizer by asking themselves what each statement in the "L" section (What We Learned) describes. They use these categories and the information in the "H" section (How Can We Learn More) to learn more about the topic. Students also can use the categories to create additional graphic organizers. They can use the organizers to review and write about what they've learned.
If the task involves analyzing and organizing what you know and what you want to learn about a topic, use a KWHL chart. K stands for what you already KNOW about the subject. W stands for what you WANT to learn. H stands for figuring out HOW you can learn more about the topic. L stands for what you LEARN as you read. Example: Fill out a KWHL chart before, during, and after you read about a topic.
Dinosaurs
| What We Know | What We Want to Find Out | What We Learned | How Can We Learn More |
| Dinosaurs are large. Dinosaurs are dead. They lived a long time ago. There is a movie about dinosaurs | How long ago did they live? Why did they die? How do we know what they looked like? Who are the people who study dinosaurs? | An archeologist has an exciting life. Dinosaurs eat plants and some eat meat. Some dinosaurs were gigantic, but had small brains. Fossils uncover dinosaur traits.
| Research Museums Field Trips Archeological digs Videos Internet computer search |
| Categories of Information we expect to use:
| |||
Anticipation/Reaction Guide
An Anticipation/Reaction Guide is used to assess a class's knowledge before they begin a lesson.
Prior Knowledge Topic SurveyAnticipation/Reaction GuideInstruction: Respond to each statement twice: once before the lesson and again after reading it.
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Used to describe a central idea: a thing (a geographic region), process (meiosis), concept (altruism), or proposition with support (experimental drugs should be available to AIDS victims). Key frame questions: What is the central idea? What are its attributes? What are its functions?
If the topic involves investigating attributes associated with a single topic, and then obtaining more details on each of these ideas, use a spider diagram as your graphic organizer. This is like the star graphic organizer with one more level of detail. Example: Finding methods that help your study skills (like taking notes, reading, memorizing, etc.), and investigating the factors involved in performing each of the methods.
Series of Events Chain
Used to describe the stages of something (the life cycle of a primate); the steps in a linear procedure (how to neutralize an acid); a sequence of events (how feudalism led to the formation of nation states); or the goals, actions, and outcomes of a historical figure or character in a novel (the rise and fall of Napoleon). Key frame questions: What is the object, procedure, or initiating event? What are the stages or steps? How do they lead to one another? What is the final outcome?
Continuum Scale
Used for time lines showing historical events or ages (grade levels in school), degrees of something (weight), shades of meaning (Likert scales), or ratings scales (achievement in school). Key frame questions: What is being scaled? What are the end points?
Compare/Contrast Matrix
| | Name 1 | Name 2 |
| Attribute 1 | | |
| Attribute 2 | | |
| Attribute 3 | | |
Used to show similarities and differences between two things (people, places, events, ideas, etc.). Key frame question: What things are being compared? How are they similar? How are they different?
Problem/Solution Outline
Used to represent a problem, attempted solutions, and results (the national debt). Key frame questions: What was the problem? Who had the problem? Why was it a problem? What attempts were made to solve the problem? Did those attempts succeed?
Network Tree
Used to show causal information (causes of poverty), a hierarchy (types of insects), or branching procedures (the circulatory system). Key frame questions: What is the superordinate category? What are the subordinate categories? How are they related? How many levels are there?
If the topic involves a chain of events with a beginning and with multiple outcomes at each node (like a family tree), use a tree as your graphic organizer. Example: Displaying the probabilistic results of tossing coins.
Human Interaction Outline
Used to show the nature of an interaction between persons or groups (Europeans settlers and American Indians). Key frame questions: Who are the persons or groups? What were their goals? Did they conflict or cooperate? What was the outcome for each person or group?
Fishbone Map
Used to show the causal interaction of a complex event (an election, a nuclear explosion) or complex phenomenon (juvenile delinquency, learning disabilities). Key frame questions: What are the factors that cause X ? How do they interrelate? Are the factors that cause X the same as those that cause X to persist?
If the topic involves investigating multiple cause-and-effect factors associated with a complex topic and how they inter-relate, use a fishbone diagram as your graphic organizer. Example: Examining the effects of improved farming methods.
Cycle
Used to show how a series of events interact to produce a set of results again and again (weather phenomena, cycles of achievement and failure, the life cycle). Key frame questions: What are the critical events in the cycle? How are they related? In what ways are they self-reinforcing?
Star
If the topic involves investigating attributes associated with a single topic, use a star diagram as your graphic organizer. Example: Finding methods that help your study skills (like taking notes, reading, doing homework, memorizing, etc.).
SCloud/Cluster
If the topic involves generating a web of ideas based on a stimulus topic, use a clustering diagram as your graphic organizer. Example: brainstorming.
Chain of Events
If the topic involves a linear chain of events, with a definite beginning, middle, and end, use a chain of events graphic organizer. Example: Analyzing the plot of a story.
StarContinuum/Timeline
If the topic has definite beginning and ending points, and a number of divisions or sequences in between, use a continuum/timeline. Example: Displaying milestones in a person's life.
Clock
If the topic involves a clock-like cycle, use a clock graphic organizer. Example topic: Recording the events in a typical school day or making a story clock to summarize a story.
StarCycle of Events
If the topic involves a recurring cycle of events, with no beginning and no end, use a cyclic graphic organizer. Example topic: Documenting the stages in the lifecycle of an animal.
Flowchart
If the topic involves a chain of instructions to follow, with a beginning and multiple possible outcomes at some node, with rules at some nodes, use a flowchart. Example: Computer programmers sometimes use flowcharts to organize the algorithm before writing a program.
Venn Diagram
If the task involves examining the similarities and differences between two or three items, use a Venn diagram. Example: Examining the similarities and differences between fish and whales, or comparing a book and the accompanying movie.
Matrix Diagram
If the task involves condensing and organizing data about traits of many items, use a chart/matrix. Example: Creating a display of key inventions, who invented them, when, where and why they were invented, etc.
Y-Chart Diagram
If the task involves analyzing and organizing with respect to three qualities, use a Y-Chart. Example: Fill out a Y-Chart to describe what you know about an animal, including what it looks like, what it sounds like, and what it feels like. Or describe a character in a book, including what the charater looks like, sounds like, and how the charater feels.
T-Chart Diagram
If the task involves analyzing or comparing with two aspects of the topic, use a T-Chart. Example: Fill out a T-Chart to evaluate the pros and cons associated with a decision.
Fact/Opinion
PMI Diagram
Decision Making Diagrams
Semantic Feature Analysis Charts
Cause and Effect Diagram
Pie Charts
Paragraph structure
5 W's Diagram
Story Map
Character traits
Biography Diagrams
Animal report Diagrams
Geography report Diagrams
Math Diagrams
Scientific Method diagrams
Friday, June 26, 2009
Topic Sentence
A well-organized paragraph supports or develops a single controlling idea, which is expressed in a sentence called the topic sentence. A topic sentence has several important functions: it substantiates or supports an essay’s thesis statement; it unifies the content of a paragraph and directs the order of the sentences; and it advises the reader of the subject to be discussed and how the paragraph will discuss it. Readers generally look to the first few sentences in a paragraph to determine the subject and perspective of the paragraph. That’s why it’s often best to put the topic sentence at the very beginning of the paragraph. In some cases, however, it’s more effective to place another sentence before the topic sentence—for example, a sentence linking the current paragraph to the previous one, or one providing background information.
Where can I find topic sentences?
Topic sentences are generally the first or second sentence in a paragraph. If the topic sentence is the second sentence, the first sentence will be a transitional sentence, a statement that bridges the previous paragraph’s idea to the idea in the paragraph at hand. Occasionally the topic sentence is at the end of the paragraph, when a paragraph moves from a specific to a general conclusion.
What do topic sentences do?
Topic sentences announce to the reader what part of the argument posed in your thesis will be discussed in the paragraph and limit the scope of the paragraph to that part of the argument. It is important to stay within these boundaries because they control the content and the main idea of the paragraph.
What is the structure of a topic sentence?
A topic sentence can be broken into two parts: the topic and the limiting idea. The topic lets the readers know the general domain of the paragraph. While the limiting idea narrows the domain to the specific idea, the paragraph will fully develop and discuss. The following sentence is an example of a topic sentence without a limiting idea: “Chocolate ice cream is the best!” This sentence, by contrast, contains a limiting idea: “Chocolate ice cream sparks hormones in the human brain which make people feel content.” The second sentence explains more fully the paragraph’s direction.
How do I know if I have written a good topic sentence?
Here are some key indicators that may help:
1. summarizes the entirety of the subject discussed in the paragraph
formed as one sentence
2. has a clear, direct relationship to the thesis
3. contains a specific limiting idea, a part of the thesis argument
4.does not introduce a subject that is too complex or too simple to be covered
in a paragraph
5. remaining sentences are subordinate to, and support, the topic sentence
6.the reader can distinguish the topic sentence from the rest of the paragraph.
Example of topics with related topic sentences:
- I had a wonderful summer
- I had a wonderful summer. First, I started sleeping in every day. I would then go swimming with my friends. I stayed up late watching TV a lot, and I went to camp for a week. I wished my summer would never end!
- Why it is rude to talk on a cell phone in public
- Talking on a cell phone in public is rude because it is inconsiderate of others.
- How to cut a rabbit's toenails
- Cutting your rabbit's toenails yourself is simple and can save you a lot of money.
- The Egyptian civilization was one of the most important cultures of the ancient world
- The Egyptian civilization was one of the most important cultures of the ancient world.This civilization flourished along the rich banks and delta of the Nile River for many centuries, from 3200 B.C. until the Roman conquest in 30 B.C. ...
- The corresponding contrasting type is the suppliant, the character, often female, who presents a picture of unmitigated helplessness and destitution
- The tragic hero is typically on top of the wheel of fortune, half-way between human society on the ground and the something greater in the sky
- The tragic hero is typically on top of the wheel of fortune, half-way between human society on the ground and the something greater in the sky. Prometheus, Adam, and Christ hang between heaven and earth, between a world of paradisal freedom and a world of bondage. Tragic heroes are so much the highest points in their human landscape that they seem the inevitable conductors of the power about them, great trees more likely to be struck by lightning than a clump of grass. Conductors may of course be instruments as well as victims of the divine lightning: Milton's Samson destroys the Philistine temple with himself, and Hamlet nearly exterminates the Danish court in his own fall.







